5 ways parents can help children with the 'new' math
- Written by Clarissa A. Thompson, Associate Professor of Cognitive Psychology, Kent State University
In his March 2021 Netflix special[1], comedian Nate Bargatze complains about having to teach his kids a confusing “new math”[2] based on standards known as the Common Core.
“The goal of Common Core is to use one sheet of paper for every problem,” Bargatze jokes. He observes that this new math requires people to “keep breaking the problem down.”
“You put the problem at the top, and it just keeps going,” Bargatze says. “And then what’s funnier is you see old math in the middle of it. As you break it down, old math gets in there and you’re like, ‘Oh, just do that at the top.’ I don’t even know what we’re doing.”
Comedian Nate Bargatze tells a joke about Common Core math during his comedy special.Math worries
Bargatze is by no means alone in his frustration. Since many schools went largely remote during the COVID-19 pandemic, countless parents, me included, are becoming burnt out[3] as we find ourselves thrust into the role of substitute math teacher[4].
Why does this so-called new math – which has actually been around for over a decade – draw so much scorn[5] from parents?
This new math is based on a list of standards[6] that students should master within each grade. It’s different from “old math” in that the standards focus not only on the step-by-step procedures to solve math problems, but also on why those procedures work[7] in the first place. The idea is to teach the procedures in such a way that children can apply this knowledge to future math problems that they encounter[8] – both at school and in real-life contexts.
For instance, in solving the multiplication problem, 312 x 23, parents historically might line the problem up and start multiplying from right to left. We were told that we had to include the 0 on the right under 936, but I don’t recall ever being told why. But under the Common Core standards, students are encouraged to break the problem down into hundreds, tens and ones. This newfangled way to do the math makes it more transparent where the answer, 7,176, and that mystery 0 come from.
Overcoming math anxiety
As Bergatze’s stand-up bit points out, this new math has triggered some parents’ “math anxiety[9]” – a common apprehension that can impair math performance[10], many studies show[11].
Researchers haven’t completely figured out how to eliminate math anxiety[12]. But as a researcher who studies why people hate math[13], I believe there are steps parents can take to combat any negative attitudes they may have toward math and to improve children’s math understanding. Five of those steps are listed below.
1. Point out math in everyday life
Math learning doesn’t happen just in classrooms. Parents can draw children’s attention to math all around them[14]. They can talk about math in the grocery store[15] or at the bus stop[16]. One idea is to incorporate positive math talk[17] while reading books with our children, even if the books don’t inherently include numbers[18]. For example, even though the classic children’s book “The Very Hungry Caterpillar[19]” doesn’t include counting or comparing how much the caterpillar eats each day, parents can insert guiding scenarios like “The very hungry caterpillar ate 4 strawberries. Let’s count them. 1-2-3-4. Did the caterpillar eat more plums or strawberries?” This is a “two-for-one deal” that could help time-strapped parents promote literacy and numeracy.
Playing Chutes and Ladders can help children learn to identify, compare and estimate numbers.
Katherine Frey/The Washington Post via Getty Images[20]
2. Play board games and card games
Children can learn about math as they play fun board games[21], such as Chutes and Ladders, and card games[22], like war. Research has shown that playing board games pays off. One study found that while low-income families played board games less at home[23] than middle-income families, even one hour of board-game play across a period of two weeks increased low-income children’s math performance to the level of their middle-income peers.
3. Break math down step by step
To help kids avoid the COVID slide[24], a major dip in math performance occurring during the pandemic, parents can break down math problems step by step[25]. As they learn the procedure at each step[26] children can then better understand how to get to the correct answer, or where they made a mistake along the way.
4. Draw connections to more familiar and well-liked math
Parents can also help children understand more difficult math concepts, such as fractions, by drawing connections to more familiar, well-liked and less anxiety-provoking math, such as whole numbers or percentages[27]. For instance, parents can show that ¾ – that is, three-fourths – is the same as[28] 75 out of 100, or 75%. Parents can draw a connection to money, too. There are four quarters in a dollar. Each quarter is worth 25 cents. That means that three out of four quarters is worth 75 cents.
5. Avoid negative math attitudes
This recommendation goes hand in hand with our first recommendation. Parents should seek out opportunities to talk about math at every chance they get, but they should avoid negative math talk. Many an American will freely admit to being “not a math person”[29]. These off-the-cuff remarks can have serious consequences for children, who soak up information in their environments[30].
Math-anxious teachers and parents can transmit their anxiety to children, especially girls[31]. Girls and women have higher math anxiety[32], which could be one reason they have lower math performance and less confidence when estimating numbers[33] and are less likely than men to pursue STEM careers[34].
I hope parents embrace their new role as math tutors, because it seems as if home schooling will continue throughout the spring for many students[35]. It shouldn’t go unmentioned that kids aren’t all that enamored with their home-school teachers either. Some may even hope they won’t have the same teacher next year.
[Expertise in your inbox. Sign up for The Conversation’s newsletter and get expert takes on today’s news, every day.[36]]
References
- ^ March 2021 Netflix special (www.youtube.com)
- ^ “new math” (www.washingtonpost.com)
- ^ burnt out (www.nytimes.com)
- ^ substitute math teacher (www.usnews.com)
- ^ scorn (slate.com)
- ^ list of standards (www.corestandards.org)
- ^ why those procedures work (www.nctm.org)
- ^ future math problems that they encounter (www.corestandards.org)
- ^ math anxiety (doi.org)
- ^ impair math performance (doi.org)
- ^ many studies show (doi.org)
- ^ eliminate math anxiety (doi.org)
- ^ hate math (doi.org)
- ^ math all around them (playfullearninglandscapes.com)
- ^ grocery store (doi.org)
- ^ bus stop (doi.org)
- ^ math talk (bedtimemath.org)
- ^ the books don’t inherently include numbers (doi.org)
- ^ The Very Hungry Caterpillar (www.worldcat.org)
- ^ Katherine Frey/The Washington Post via Getty Images (www.gettyimages.com)
- ^ games (doi.org)
- ^ games (doi.org)
- ^ less at home (doi.org)
- ^ COVID slide (www.edweek.org)
- ^ break down math problems step by step (doi.org)
- ^ each step (doi.org)
- ^ such as whole numbers or percentages (doi.org)
- ^ is the same as (doi.org)
- ^ “not a math person” (osf.io)
- ^ soak up information in their environments (doi.org)
- ^ transmit their anxiety to children, especially girls (doi.org)
- ^ higher math anxiety (doi.org)
- ^ lower math performance and less confidence when estimating numbers (doi.org)
- ^ STEM careers (doi.org)
- ^ will continue throughout the spring for many students (info.burbio.com)
- ^ Expertise in your inbox. Sign up for The Conversation’s newsletter and get expert takes on today’s news, every day. (theconversation.com)
Authors: Clarissa A. Thompson, Associate Professor of Cognitive Psychology, Kent State University
Read more https://theconversation.com/5-ways-parents-can-help-children-with-the-new-math-157738
