The splendid life of Jimmy Carter – 5 essential reads

In Mark 8:34-38 a question is asked: “For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?”

Jimmy Carter never lost his soul.

A person who served others until the days leading to his death, Jimmy Carter did more to advance the cause of human rights than any U.S. president in American history. That tireless commitment “to advance democracy and human rights” was noted by the Nobel Committee when it honored Carter with its Peace Prize^[1] in 2002.

From establishing the nonprofit Carter Center^[2] to working for Habitat for Humanity^[3], Carter never lost his moral compass in his public policies.

Over the years, The Conversation U.S. has published numerous stories exploring the legacy of the nation’s 39th president – and his blessed life after leaving the world of American politics. Here are selections from those articles.

1. A preacher at heart

As a scholar^[4] of American religious history, Asbury University Professor David Swartz believes that a speech Carter gave on July 15, 1979, was the most theologically profound speech by an American president since Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address^[5], on March 4, 1865.

Carter’s nationally televised sermon was watched by 65 million Americans as he “intoned an evangelical-sounding lament about a crisis of the American spirit,” Swartz wrote^[6].

“All the legislation in the world,” Carter proclaimed during the speech, “can’t fix what’s wrong with America.”

What was wrong, Carter believed, was self-indulgence and consumption.

“Human identity is no longer defined by what one does but by what one owns,” Carter preached. But “owning things and consuming things does not satisfy our longing for meaning.”

Read more: Revisiting Jimmy Carter's truth-telling sermon to Americans^[7]

2. Tough-minded policies on human rights

Though Carter was considered a weak leader after Iranian religious militants^[8] seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran in 1979, his overseas policies were far more effective than critics have claimed, wrote^[9] Gonzaga College historian Robert C. Donnelly^[10], especially when it came to the former Soviet Union.

Shortly after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan^[11] in 1979, for instance, Carter imposed an embargo on U.S. grain sales^[12] that targeted the Soviet Union’s dependence on imported wheat and corn to feed its population.

To further punish the Soviets, Carter persuaded the U.S. Olympic Committee to refrain from competing in the upcoming Moscow Olympics while the Soviets repressed their own people and occupied Afghanistan.

Among Carter’s critics, none was harsher than Ronald Reagan. But in 1986, after beating Carter for the White House, even he had to acknowledge Carter’s foresight^[13] in modernizing the nation’s military forces, a measure that further increased economic and diplomatic pressure on the Soviets.

“Reagan admitted that he felt very bad for misstating Carter’s policies and record on defense,” Donnelly wrote.

Read more: Jimmy Carter's lasting Cold War legacy: Human rights focus helped dismantle the Soviet Union^[14]

3. Carter’s unexpected liberal foe

Reagan’s win over Carter in the 1980 U.S. presidential race was due in part to Carter’s bitter race during the Democratic primary against an heir to one of America’s great political families – Ted Kennedy.

Kennedy’s decision to run against Carter was “something of a shock to Carter,” wrote^[15] Thomas J. Whalen^[16], a Boston University associate professor of social science.

In 1979, Kennedy had pledged to support Carter’s reelection bid but later succumbed to pressure in liberal Democratic circles to launch his own presidential bid and fulfill his family’s destiny.

In addition, Whalen wrote, Kennedy “harbored deep reservations about Carter’s leadership, especially in the wake of a faltering domestic economy, high inflation and the seizure of the American Embassy in Iran by radical Muslim students.”

In response, Carter vowed to “whip (Kennedy’s) ass.”

And did.

But that win over Kennedy came at a high cost.

“Having expended so much political and financial capital fending off Kennedy’s challenge,” Whalen wrote, “he was easy pickings for Reagan in that fall’s general election.

Read more: When the Lion of the Senate roared like a mouse^[17]

4. A quiet fight against a deadly disease

Guinea worm is a painful parasitic disease that is contracted when people consume water from stagnant sources contaminated with the worm’s larvae.

Clemson University Professor Kimberly Paul has worked as a parasitologist^[18] for over two decades.

"I know the suffering that parasitic diseases like Guinea worm infections inflict on humanity, especially on the world’s most vulnerable and poor communities,” she wrote^[19].

In 1986, it infected an estimated 3.5 million people per year in 21 countries in Africa and Asia.

Since then, that number has been reduced by more than 99.99% to 13 provisional cases in 2022, in large part because of Carter and his efforts to eradicate the disease. Those efforts included teaching people to filter all drinking water.

Over time, Carter’s efforts proved tremendously successful. On Jan. 24, 2023, The Carter Center, the nonprofit founded by the former U.S. president, announced^[20] that “Guinea worm is poised to become the second human disease in history to be eradicated.”

The first was smallpox.

Read more: Guinea worm: A nasty parasite is nearly eradicated, but the push for zero cases will require patience^[21]

5. Carter’s brave step in Cuba

In 2002, long after his departure from the White House in 1981, Carter became the the first U.S. president to visit Cuba since the 1959 Cuban Revolution^[22]. Carter had accepted the invitation of then President Fidel Castro.

Jennifer Lynn McCoy^[23], now at Georgia State University, was director of The Carter Center’s Americas Program^[24] at the time and accompanied Carter on that trip, on which he gave a speech in Spanish^[25] that called on Castro to lift restrictions on free speech and assembly, among other constitutional reforms.

Castro was unmoved by the speech but instead invited Carter to watch a Cuban all-star baseball game^[26].

At the game, McCoy wrote^[27], “Castro asked Carter for a favor” – to walk to the pitcher’s mound without his security detail to show how much confidence he had in the Cuban people.

Over the objections of his Secret Service agents, Carter obliged and walked to the mound with Castro and threw out the first pitch.

Carter’s move was a symbol of what normal relations could look like between the two nations – and of Carter’s unwavering faith.

Read more: Jimmy Carter in Cuba^[28]

Editor’s note: This story is a roundup of articles from The Conversation’s archives.

References

1. ^{^} Peace Prize (www.nobelprize.org)
2. ^{^} Carter Center (www.cartercenter.org)
3. ^{^} Habitat for Humanity (www.habitat.org)
4. ^{^} As a scholar (www.asbury.edu)
5. ^{^} Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address (www.nps.gov)
6. ^{^} Swartz wrote (theconversation.com)
7. ^{^} Revisiting Jimmy Carter's truth-telling sermon to Americans (theconversation.com)
8. ^{^} Iranian religious militants (www.brookings.edu)
9. ^{^} wrote (theconversation.com)
10. ^{^} Robert C. Donnelly (www.gonzaga.edu)
11. ^{^} Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (www.theatlantic.com)
12. ^{^} U.S. grain sales (www.npr.org)
13. ^{^} acknowledge Carter’s foresight (www.nytimes.com)
14. ^{^} Jimmy Carter's lasting Cold War legacy: Human rights focus helped dismantle the Soviet Union (theconversation.com)
15. ^{^} wrote (theconversation.com)
16. ^{^} Thomas J. Whalen (www.bu.edu)
17. ^{^} When the Lion of the Senate roared like a mouse (theconversation.com)
18. ^{^} worked as a parasitologist (scholar.google.com)
19. ^{^} wrote (theconversation.com)
20. ^{^} announced (www.cartercenter.org)
21. ^{^} Guinea worm: A nasty parasite is nearly eradicated, but the push for zero cases will require patience (theconversation.com)
22. ^{^} 1959 Cuban Revolution (www.pbs.org)
23. ^{^} Jennifer Lynn McCoy (chrd.gsu.edu)
24. ^{^} The Carter Center’s Americas Program (www.cartercenter.org)
25. ^{^} gave a speech in Spanish (www.cartercenter.org)
26. ^{^} to watch a Cuban all-star baseball game (www.thenation.com)
27. ^{^} wrote (theconversation.com)
28. ^{^} Jimmy Carter in Cuba (theconversation.com)