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Zoos and aquariums shift to a new standard of 'animal welfare' that depends on deeper understanding of animals' lives

  • Written by Michael J. Renner, Professor of Biology, Psychology, and Environmental Science & Sustainability, and director of the program in Zoo & Conservation Science, Drake University
Zoos and aquariums shift to a new standard of 'animal welfare' that depends on deeper understanding of animals' livesClimbers must climb, diggers must dig and runners must run. Doris Rudd Designs, Photography/Moment via Getty Images

In 1980 I visited the zoo in a major U.S. city and found row after row of bare concrete boxes with jailhouse-style bars occupied by animals from around the world. The animals appeared to be in good physical condition, but many were...

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