No, Americans shouldn't fear traveling abroad

As summer travel season begins, friends and relatives have asked me if it’s safe to travel outside the U.S.

I understand their fears. The news is filled with scary stories, like a tourist bus being bombed^[1] near Egypt’s pyramids, people being knifed at a bus stop in Japan^[2] and continuing coverage of the two Boeing 737^[3] Max air crashes, both of which happened overseas.

As a macroeconomist^[4] I travel frequently to understand global trends. I crunched the numbers on U.S. fatalities abroad, and what I found might surprise you.

Americans abroad

In 2018, over 56 million U.S. citizens got on board^[5] a plane for a trip to an international destination.

The average person leaving the U.S. by air spends slightly more than 17 nights^[6] outside the U.S., based on 2016 data. Multiplying trips by time means almost 3 million citizens are taking a trip abroad on any given day.

Yet these figures underestimate how many Americans actually travel abroad, since some people leave the U.S. on boat trips or even drive to Canada or Mexico. It also doesn’t include the number of U.S. citizens who permanently live^[7] abroad^[8].

All this tourism is a vital part of many countries’ economies. U.S. travelers spent US$256 billion^[9] in 2018. If Americans or other international travelers stop hopping on a plane because they believe traveling to a specific country or region has become unsafe, this could have devastating effects on economies^[10] that depend on foreign tourism, such as Egypt^[11] and Sri Lanka^[12].

Safety first

So is there reason to worry?

In October 2002, the State Department started tracking the number of U.S. citizens who die^[14] in a foreign country from non-natural causes, which excludes deaths from illness and things like heart attacks. The data include the date of death, where the death occurred and the cause.

I found the numbers shockingly low.

In 2018, just 724 Americans died from unnatural causes while abroad, the fewest since 2006 and down from a peak of 1,065 in 2010. I was expecting much larger numbers, more like the over 15,000 murders that happen in the U.S.^[15] every year.

And this doesn’t actually show the full extent of the decline because the number of U.S. overseas travelers has surged in the same period. From 2010^[16] to 2018, the number of citizens flying^[17] to international destinations increased by 50%.

More travelers combined with fewer deaths mean it is actually getting safer to travel abroad.

How Americans die overseas

The next question is what are the leading causes of death.

It’s certainly not terrorism. In 2018, just six Americans were killed in a terrorist incident, the lowest number in over a decade. And just 381 died this way from October 2002 through last year.

And while dying in an airplane accident has been a growing fear^[18] since the Boeing 737 Max crashes in Ethiopia and Indonesia, there were only 10 such deaths in 2018, or 383 since 2002.

The top cause of death is actually motor vehicle accidents^[19], which claimed the lives^[20] of 167 American travelers last year, or almost 4,000 since 2002. That’s almost one-third of all deaths in the period.

One reason for the relatively high number of deaths from car accidents may be that some countries don’t have the same safety standards that are common in the U.S., and so driving abroad can be^[21] a very different experience, with confusing rules or more aggressive drivers.

Once, my wife and I went on a low-budget African safari in Botswana. Though lions prowled restlessly outside our tent at night, the real danger turned out to be the high-speed drives in an open jeep while our guide dodged giant potholes and meandering animals, all while talking on his phone.

After traffic accidents, the second-most-common cause of death was homicides. But to put the 132 Americans who died this way in 2018 into perspective, Chicago alone had 561 homicides^[22] that year.

Other leading causes of death are drownings, suicides and non-vehicular accidents.

Like getting hit by lightning

In other words, dying abroad from unnatural causes, especially terrorism, is unlikely. Last year, three times as many people were killed by lightning^[23] in the U.S. as died overseas in a terrorist attack.

The media extensively cover relatively rare terrorist attacks and high-profile murders^[24]. It often gives little coverage to routinely occurring deaths^[25]. While many people are worried^[26] about traveling and especially about being killed abroad, it doesn’t happen often.

That doesn’t mean traveling is problem-free. I have been pickpocketed, threatened and had a gun pointed at me in my travels. The State Department’s travel advisories^[27] show what to watch out for and any precautions to take for every country in the world.

So although the world is a fascinating place to visit, just remember to read the travel advisory – and buckle your seatbelt.

References

1. ^{^} bombed (www.bbc.com)
2. ^{^} bus stop in Japan (www.nbcnews.com)
3. ^{^} Boeing 737 (www.nytimes.com)
4. ^{^} macroeconomist (businessmacroeconomics.com)
5. ^{^} 56 million U.S. citizens got on board (travel.trade.gov)
6. ^{^} slightly more than 17 nights (travel.trade.gov)
7. ^{^} number of U.S. citizens who permanently live (www.migrationpolicy.org)
8. ^{^} abroad (www.irs.gov)
9. ^{^} US$256 billion (www.ustravel.org)
10. ^{^} devastating effects on economies (www.aljazeera.com)
11. ^{^} Egypt (www.egypttoday.com)
12. ^{^} Sri Lanka (www.cnn.com)
13. ^{^} Reuters/Carlo Allegri (pictures.reuters.com)
14. ^{^} U.S. citizens who die (travel.state.gov)
15. ^{^} murders that happen in the U.S. (ucr.fbi.gov)
16. ^{^} 2010 (travel.trade.gov)
17. ^{^} number of citizens flying (travel.trade.gov)
18. ^{^} growing fear (www.npr.org)
19. ^{^} motor vehicle accidents (time.com)
20. ^{^} claimed the lives (www.weforum.org)
21. ^{^} driving abroad can be (www.weforum.org)
22. ^{^} Chicago alone had 561 homicides (www.nbcchicago.com)
23. ^{^} killed by lightning (www.weather.gov)
24. ^{^} high-profile murders (www.doi.org)
25. ^{^} routinely occurring deaths (www.doi.org)
26. ^{^} While many people are worried (www.forbes.com)
27. ^{^} travel advisories (travel.state.gov)