'Time In A Bottle': Jim Croce's music continues to inspire 50 years after his life was cut short
- Written by Ted Olson, Professor of Appalachian Studies and Bluegrass, Old-Time and Roots Music Studies, East Tennessee State University
On Thursday, Sept. 20, 1973, singer-songwriter Jim Croce died[1] when his chartered plane crashed shortly after takeoff in Natchitoches, Louisiana. He was 30 years old.
Croce was a chart-topping musician who had performed over 300 concerts in the previous year. He had been in Natchitoches to play that evening at Northwestern State University, making up for a concert canceled the previous spring because he had a sore throat. Croce had performed for an enthusiastic if small audience. Many people had stayed home to watch the televised broadcast of the “Battle of the Sexes[2]” tennis match between Bobby Riggs and Billie Jean King.
In her 2012 book “I Got a Name: The Jim Croce Story[3],” Croce’s wife, Ingrid, recounted that night: a pilot, Robert Elliott, with a heart condition helming a small Beechcraft E18S; a flight trajectory possibly not accounting for some tall pecan trees; a phone call bearing horrible news.
The crash also killed Croce’s performing partner Maury Muehleisen, comedian George Stevens, manager Kenneth Cortese and tour manager Dennis Rast.
Aircraft crashes have claimed the lives of other popular music acts before and after Croce: Glenn Miller, Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, The Big Bopper, Patsy Cline, Cowboy Copas, Hawkshaw Hawkins, Otis Redding, The Bar-Kays, members of Lynyrd Skynyrd, Ricky Nelson, Stevie Ray Vaughan, John Denver and Aaliyah. Croce, like all those musicians, left the world abruptly and far too early, yet his music endured, and fans grew to view him as having achieved a measure of immortality.
From obscure folkie to national star
Croce was an Italian American from Philadelphia and a participant in the 1960s folk music revival[4]. In 1966, he recorded the solo album “Facets[5],” which revealed to the few people who heard it that Croce was a compelling singing storyteller who could personalize songs composed by others. In 1969, Jim and Ingrid Croce, who toured as a duo, made an album together for Capitol Records. That album, simply titled “Croce[6],” showcased both Croces as evocative songwriters.
Three years passed. Jim Croce worked various blue-collar jobs to support his family while trying to advance a solo music career. Eventually his management secured a recording deal, and Croce entered a New York City studio, the Hit Factory, to make his third album, “You Don’t Mess Around With Jim[7].”
Croce teamed up with guitarist Maury Muehleisen for his third and subsequent albums.The album was released in April 1972 on the ABC label. It featured striking original songs – directly expressed, richly human lyrics matched to pitch-perfect musical structures – all performed by Croce with accompaniment from his new partner, master guitarist and harmony singer Muehleisen. The album yielded three hits: the title track[8], “Operator (That’s Not the Way it Feels)[9]” and “Time in a Bottle[10].” The album launched Croce on the national stage as a formidable artist who combined relatability and sincerity with remarkable artistic craftsmanship and an unmistakable voice.
The album “Life and Times[11],” released in July 1973, sustained Croce’s trajectory, offering original songs that either explored love or celebrated charismatic characters. The album featured his breakthrough hit “Bad, Bad Leroy Brown[12],” which reached No. 1 on the Billboard singles chart and earned Croce two Grammy Award nominations.
By September 1973, with two albums reaching Gold status for selling 500,000 copies, Croce’s career was soaring. In August and early September 1973, he entered the studio to make new recordings for his next album. That album, “I Got a Name[13],” was released posthumously on Dec. 1, 1973. It rose to No. 2 on the album chart in 1974 and featured three singles: the title track[14], “I’ll Have to Say I Love You in a Song[15]” and “Workin’ at the Car Wash Blues[16].”
“Time in a Bottle” was released as a single posthumously and became Croce’s second No. 1 hit.
A who’s who performing Croce songs
During the 1970s, some music critics accused the singer-songwriter of wallowing in[17] nostalgic sentimentality[18]. This line of criticism, though, didn’t account for such Croce songs as “Next Time, This Time[19]” and “Lover’s Cross[20]” – falling-out-of-love songs as emotionally harrowing as any by other songwriters of that era. Certain Croce songs that did project nostalgia, such as “Walkin’ Back to Georgia[21]” and “Alabama Rain[22],” inspired generations of country music songwriters.
Fans and fellow musicians did not seem to share the critics’ views of the man and his music. Shortly after his death and for years afterward, Croce was memorialized in popular culture. In 1974, The Righteous Brothers referenced him in a No. 3 single “Rock and Roll Heaven,” while Queen recorded an album track entitled “Bring Back That Leroy Brown.” That same year, The Ventures recorded an album of instrumental interpretations of Croce songs[23].
Various pop vocalists got into the act. Frank Sinatra, Andy Williams, Bobby Vinton, Lena Horne and Roger Whittaker covered Croce songs. In 1980, Jerry Reed recorded an album of Croce songs, while 1997 saw the release of the album “Jim Croce: A Nashville Tribute[24].” Over the years, Croce songs have been recorded by country artists including Glen Campbell, Crystal Gayle, Clint Black and Garth Brooks, and by musicians associated with other genres, including Henry Mancini, Shirley Scott, Diana Krall, The Drifters, Babyface and Dale Ann Bradley.
Jim Croce has been commemorated in other ways as well. In 1990, he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. In 2022, a Pennsylvania state historical marker was erected at the site of the house where Jim, Ingrid and son A.J. Croce, who became a widely respected singer-songwriter in his own right, lived at the time of his commercial breakthrough.
Ingrid Croce created her own tribute to her former partner, opening a restaurant in San Diego named Croce’s Restaurant and Jazz Club[25], located on the corner of 5th Avenue and F Street – the site where, in 1973, one week before the fatal plane crash, Jim and Ingrid had talked of establishing a music performance venue. For 30 years, before closing after a lease dispute, the popular restaurant was a place where fans could celebrate Jim Croce and his music.
To honor its namesake, the restaurant hosted live music, and Croce’s gold records were mounted on the wall. Prominently displayed in the restaurant was a rendering of the singer-songwriter, mustachioed and – to quote from his song “Workin’ at the Car Wash Blues” – “smoking on a big cigar.”
References
- ^ singer-songwriter Jim Croce died (www.rollingstone.com)
- ^ Battle of the Sexes (www.britannica.com)
- ^ I Got a Name: The Jim Croce Story (www.dacapopress.com)
- ^ folk music revival (www.si.edu)
- ^ Facets (crocesstore.bandcamp.com)
- ^ Croce (www.allmusic.com)
- ^ You Don’t Mess Around With Jim (crocesstore.bandcamp.com)
- ^ title track (youtu.be)
- ^ Operator (That’s Not the Way it Feels) (youtu.be)
- ^ Time in a Bottle (youtu.be)
- ^ Life and Times (crocesstore.bandcamp.com)
- ^ Bad, Bad Leroy Brown (youtu.be)
- ^ I Got a Name (crocesstore.bandcamp.com)
- ^ title track (youtu.be)
- ^ I’ll Have to Say I Love You in a Song (youtu.be)
- ^ Workin’ at the Car Wash Blues (youtu.be)
- ^ wallowing in (catalog.loc.gov)
- ^ nostalgic sentimentality (www.robertchristgau.com)
- ^ Next Time, This Time (youtu.be)
- ^ Lover’s Cross (youtu.be)
- ^ Walkin’ Back to Georgia (youtu.be)
- ^ Alabama Rain (youtu.be)
- ^ an album of instrumental interpretations of Croce songs (www.youtube.com)
- ^ Jim Croce: A Nashville Tribute (youtu.be)
- ^ Croce’s Restaurant and Jazz Club (www.sandiegomagazine.com)
Authors: Ted Olson, Professor of Appalachian Studies and Bluegrass, Old-Time and Roots Music Studies, East Tennessee State University
