Parents with children forced to do school at home are drinking more
- Written by Susan Sonnenschein, Professor, Applied Development Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
The Research Brief[1] is a short take about interesting academic work.
The big idea
We found that parents who are stressed by having to help their children with distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic drink seven more drinks per month than parents who do not report feeling stressed by distance learning. These stressed parents are also twice as likely to report binge drinking at least once over the prior month than parents who are not stressed, according to our results. Binge drinking[2], which varies by gender, is when women consume at least four, or men have at least five alcoholic beverages (which includes beer, wine, or liquor) within a couple hours of each other.
We learned this from our online survey, which 361 parents with children under 18 years old currently living with them completed in May 2020. Seventy-eight percent of the parents had children who did distance learning in the Spring of 2020. Of those, 66% reported that the experience caused them stress because they were not sure how to help.
We sent the survey out through social media sites and listservs to people throughout the U.S. However, this is not a nationally representative sample. As is common with such surveys[3], most of the parents who responded were middle-income or higher. The results of the study have not yet been published.
Why it matters
While many people joke about how booze is getting them through the COVID-19 pandemic[4], drinking can be harmful. More people die each year from drinking alcohol[5] than from motor vehicle crashes, guns or illegal drugs. Increased drinking is also related to many public health problems, such as violence[6], crime[7], poverty[8] and sexually transmitted diseases[9].
Drinking alcohol is especially dangerous during COVID-19[10] because alcohol use weakens your immune system. Drinking increases your likelihood of getting COVID-19 and, if you do get it, of having worse outcomes[11].
People increase their alcohol consumption after stressful times, such as tsunamis[12] and hurricanes[13]. Research has shown that this pattern has held before during disease outbreaks, including SARS in 2003[14], and following the 9/11 terrorist attacks[15].
COVID-19 is another stressful situation. One study in Poland with over 1,000 participants found that people are currently drinking more wine, beer and liquor[16] than before the pandemic.
Given that distance learning is going to continue for the near future[17], we believe it is warranted to decrease stressors that lead to parents’ drinking.
What other research is being done
Parents are drinking more during the COVID-19 pandemic[18] than people without children. Our survey is the first one to look at the relationship between alcohol use and the stress caused by distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
What still isn’t known
School systems throughout the U.S. currently are planning for the upcoming year. In many cases, that will require more distance learning[19]. For distance learning to be successful for children and parents, more needs to be known about what makes it stressful.
[Get facts about coronavirus and the latest research. Sign up for The Conversation’s newsletter.[20]]
Another study of ours, currently underway, suggests that one reason that parents are stressed is that they are not getting enough guidance from teachers or schools. This is a particular concern for low-income families[21] whose children, in general, already fare worse in school[22] than more affluent children.
It is important to realize that teachers and other school staff are also experiencing stress[23] and not getting enough guidance on how to do distance learning.
Our results were collected in May 2020. As distance learning becomes the new normal, at least for now, it is important to see what, if anything, changes in how well schools provide distance learning and how it affects parents.
References
- ^ Research Brief (theconversation.com)
- ^ Binge drinking (www.niaaa.nih.gov)
- ^ common with such surveys (www.pewresearch.org)
- ^ getting them through the COVID-19 pandemic (preventionconversation.org)
- ^ die each year from drinking alcohol (www.cdc.gov)
- ^ violence (doi.org)
- ^ crime (doi.org)
- ^ poverty (doi.org)
- ^ sexually transmitted diseases (doi.org)
- ^ especially dangerous during COVID-19 (www.euro.who.int)
- ^ worse outcomes (www.cnbc.com)
- ^ tsunamis (doi.org)
- ^ hurricanes (doi.org)
- ^ SARS in 2003 (doi.org)
- ^ 9/11 terrorist attacks (doi.org)
- ^ drinking more wine, beer and liquor (doi.org)
- ^ is going to continue for the near future (www.usatoday.com)
- ^ Parents are drinking more during the COVID-19 pandemic (www.rti.org)
- ^ require more distance learning (www.usatoday.com)
- ^ Sign up for The Conversation’s newsletter. (theconversation.com)
- ^ low-income families (doi.org)
- ^ fare worse in school (eric.ed.gov)
- ^ teachers and other school staff are also experiencing stress (www.the74million.org)
Authors: Susan Sonnenschein, Professor, Applied Development Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
